Indonesia has long been viewed as Southeast Asia’s next big startup hub — a country with a young digital population, a rapidly growing middle class, and government support for innovation. But as 2025 unfolds, global investors and founders alike are asking a hard question: Is Indonesia still competitive for startups?
New policy shifts such as BKPM Regulation No. 5 of 2025, improvements to the OSS (Online Single Submission) licensing system, and selective tax incentives show progress. Yet, many founders continue to face friction — from unclear licensing pathways to compliance burdens that can slow down growth.
This article breaks down the reality: what’s genuinely improved, where friction still exists, and how founders can navigate Indonesia’s new investment and registration landscape effectively.
Indonesia’s Startup Advantage: Why It Still Matters
Despite regional competition from Singapore, Vietnam, and Malaysia, Indonesia remains the largest market in Southeast Asia, with over 278 million people and an estimated digital-economy value surpassing USD 82 billion in 2025 (according to Google–Temasek e-Conomy SEA data).
That scale continues to attract startups in sectors like fintech, e-commerce, logistics, and agritech. Local and foreign investors view Indonesia as a vital “must-enter” market — but now with a greater focus on regulatory compliance and sustainable growth rather than rapid expansion at all costs.
Even though funding slowed in early 2025, the fundamentals haven’t changed: Indonesia still offers demand depth and digital adoption that smaller markets cannot match. What has changed are the rules of engagement — specifically how startups register, raise funds, and remain compliant once they start operating.
The New Regulatory Landscape: BKPM Regulation No. 5 of 2025
Lower Entry Barriers for Founders
Indonesia’s BKPM Regulation No. 5 of 2025, issued by the Ministry of Investment on 1 October 2025, represents one of the most significant business-registration reforms since the introduction of the OSS RBA (Risk-Based Approach) platform.
The new rule reduces the paid-up capital requirement for foreign-owned companies (PT PMA) from IDR 10 billion to IDR 2.5 billion per business activity (KBLI).
For digital startups and tech-enabled service providers, this is a major step forward. It means founders no longer need to park excessive cash just to meet a formal registration threshold. It also signals that policymakers recognise how capital-light business models drive innovation and employment.
Additionally, the rule allows certain non-cash assets — such as machinery, equipment, and intellectual-property valuations — to count toward the investment total. This flexibility gives early-stage companies breathing room to allocate resources where they matter most: product, hiring, and customer acquisition.
Integration with OSS: A Centralised Gateway
The OSS RBA system remains the single entry point for licensing and permits. Under Reg 5/2025, OSS integrates more closely with notarial deeds and KBLI classifications to ensure consistency across documents.
However, BKPM has also introduced a transition period (masa peralihan) to adjust the system, which means temporary hiccups — including slower approvals and mismatched data — are common.
While this digital transformation is positive in the long run, founders should still expect bureaucratic follow-ups or clarifications during registration, particularly when operating across multiple KBLI codes or regulated sectors.
Registration Friction: The Challenges Startups Still Face
Even with better policies, friction remains in Indonesia’s startup-registration environment — mainly due to operational bottlenecks and compliance complexities.
First, while capital thresholds have been lowered, a 12-month capital lock-up rule applies. Funds injected as paid-up capital must remain in the company for at least a year unless spent on legitimate business activities. For lean startups that depend on agile cash-flow management, this can restrict liquidity and short-term flexibility.
Second, the LKPM reporting requirements (investment realisation reports) are now stricter. Startups that fail to report quarterly investment activities risk administrative warnings or even temporary licence suspension.
Third, sectoral mismatches between KBLI codes, notarial deeds, and business activities often cause delays. For example, a fintech startup may list “financial consulting” as its KBLI, but later discover that its planned payment-gateway operations require an entirely different code under the financial regulator’s supervision.
Lastly, although OSS aims to centralise licensing, some ministries and regional offices still have separate validation procedures. This decentralisation can confuse foreign founders who expect a single-window system.
Tax Holidays and Incentives: The Other Side of the Coin
The Indonesian government has also extended several tax-holiday incentives and investment allowances through 2025 for sectors that align with national priorities — such as renewable energy, digital infrastructure, electric vehicles, and agritech. (PMK 2025 updates)
For capital-intensive or growth-stage startups, these incentives can reduce corporate-tax liabilities for up to 20 years, depending on sector and investment value. Additionally, Indonesia’s move to adopt the Global Minimum Tax (GMT) regime has increased transparency and fairness for multinational founders, although it limits aggressive tax planning.
These incentives underscore the government’s message: while administrative systems are still maturing, Indonesia wants startups to thrive — particularly those contributing to innovation, technology, and job creation.
Startup Funding in 2025: The New Reality Check
According to DailySocial’s H1 2025 Startup Funding Report, disclosed startup investment in Indonesia fell 43.5 % year-on-year to about US$161 million across 34 deals. (DailySocial, 2025)
While that sounds worrying, it reflects a global venture-capital slowdown, not just Indonesia’s local issues. The upside? Investors are now focusing on quality over quantity. Startups that demonstrate transparent governance, clean incorporation, and compliance readiness are more likely to secure funding.
This means that proper registration, documentation, and tax compliance are no longer back-office chores — they’re core to investor confidence. A well-structured startup under Reg 5/2025 rules is not only easier to operate but also easier to fund.
How Founders Can Stay Competitive
1. Start Right with the Right KBLI and Structure
Ensure that your notarial deed and KBLI codes match your actual business model. A mismatch could lead to licence revocation or delayed NIB issuance.
2. Plan for the Capital Lock-Up
Even though the capital threshold is lower, plan your cash-flow around the 12-month lock-up. Allocate funds toward approved operational use early.
3. Maintain Regular LKPM Reporting
Quarterly reporting is mandatory for most foreign-invested entities. Build a compliance calendar to avoid last-minute rushes or penalties.
4. Anticipate Dual Approvals
If your sector overlaps with finance, healthcare, or communications, expect extra approvals from OJK, Kominfo, or related agencies.
5. Seek Local Expertise
Partnering with local legal or corporate-services advisors — like CPT Corporate — can save weeks of rework. Proper documentation and OSS familiarity drastically shorten timelines.
The Verdict: Still Competitive, But Only for the Prepared
So, is Indonesia still competitive for startups in 2025? Yes — but selectively so.
The combination of lower entry barriers, digital licensing systems, and targeted tax incentives makes Indonesia one of the more attractive emerging-market destinations in Asia. However, ongoing administrative friction and compliance intensity mean that only well-prepared startups will capture these advantages.
At CPT Corporate, we’ve seen founders succeed when they balance speed with structure — when they treat registration not as a formality, but as an investment in credibility. The era of rushing incorporation is over; 2025 rewards founders who register smartly, comply consistently, and adapt quickly.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. What is BKPM Regulation No. 5 of 2025?
BKPM Reg 5/2025 is Indonesia’s latest regulation governing investment licensing under the OSS RBA system. It simplifies certain registration procedures and reduces the minimum paid-up capital for foreign investors to IDR 2.5 billion per KBLI, while tightening post-registration reporting requirements.
2. How long does it take to register a foreign-owned company (PT PMA) in 2025?
On average, registration through OSS takes two to four weeks, provided the KBLI codes and notarial documents are correct. Complex sectors or dual licences (such as fintech) may take longer.
3. Can I withdraw my paid-up capital within the first year?
No. The new rule requires a 12-month capital lock-up unless the funds are used for legitimate business activities or investments aligned with your registered KBLI.
4. Do startups still need to file LKPM reports?
Yes. All investment entities — including smaller PMAs — must submit quarterly LKPM reports through OSS to maintain active licensing status.
5. Are there government incentives for tech startups?
Yes. Indonesia offers tax holidays, import-duty exemptions, and digital-innovation incentives for startups in priority sectors such as green energy, technology, and digital infrastructure.
6. What are the main mistakes foreign founders make?
Common mistakes include selecting the wrong KBLI code, underestimating documentation timelines, and neglecting recurring compliance (LKPM, tax filings). Working with a local advisor can prevent these setbacks.
