The journey of setting up a company in Indonesia is undoubtedly a seamless process, In this comprehensive guide, we unravel the intricacies, providing invaluable insights for both seasoned business owners and newcomers.
PT PMA: A Gateway for Foreign Investors
A Perseroan Terbatas Penanaman Modal Asing (PT PMA) serves as a legal entity for foreigners to engage in commercial activities in Indonesia. Foreign individuals and legal entities can hold up to 100% ownership, subject to the constraints outlined in the Positive Investment List.
The Regulatory Landscape
Directorship
Under the Indonesian Company Law, stringent criteria govern the appointment of directors. Directors must not have been declared bankrupt in the past five years, and members of the board of directors or board of commissioners cannot be at fault for the company’s bankruptcy. Foreign nationals face restrictions in holding certain directorship positions, as delineated in the Minister of Manpower Decree No. 40 of 2012.
Parental Responsibilities
Delving into the realm of parent companies, liability arises under specific circumstances. The parent company can be held accountable if the subsidiary loses its legal entity status, if the subsidiary is exploited for the parent company’s interests in bad faith, or if the parent company is directly involved in unlawful acts committed by the subsidiary.
Consumer Protection Mandates
In adherence to the Indonesia Consumer Protection Law, companies must meet standardized requirements and truthfully represent their products in packaging and advertising. Specific products, like foods and drugs, are subject to additional regulatory scrutiny governed by laws and regulations, including Law No. 36 of 2009 regarding Health and Law No. 18 of 2012 regarding Food.
Formation Essentials
Charting the Course
To establish a corporate business vehicle (PT PMA) in Indonesia, several pivotal steps must be meticulously followed:
- Executing a deed of establishment in the Indonesian language before a public notary.
- Compliance with shareholding limitations outlined in the Negative Investment List.
- Approval from the Ministry of Law and Human Rights (MOLHR) for PT PMA establishment.
- Obtaining a certificate of domicile (SKDP) from the Sub-District Head (Lurah).
- Acquiring a taxpayer registration number (NPWP) from the tax office.
- Opening a bank account in Indonesia.
Ongoing Commitments
Reporting
A PT PMA is obligated to submit various reports, including the Capital Investment Activity Report (LKPM) quarterly before obtaining a business license. Additionally, audited annual financial statements, mandatory manpower reports, and sector-specific reports are essential for compliance.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the legal obligations of an Indonesian company form a intricate tapestry that demands astute navigation. From the establishment phase to ongoing compliance, each step requires meticulous attention to detail. As you embark on this journey, armed with the knowledge provided, your company can not only thrive but also stand as a paragon of compliance and integrity in the Indonesian business landscape.
